Pressure Release Ventilation (PRV), also known as Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV), sometimes referred to as BiVent, is a mode of mechanical ventilation that provides two levels of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and allows spontaneous breathing throughout the respiratory cycle. It is particularly useful for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and other […]
Category: Respiratory
Pressure controlled ventilation (PCV)
Pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) is a type of mechanical ventilation where the ventilator delivers a breath to the patient’s lungs at a preset pressure for a set inspiratory time. Unlike volume-controlled ventilation, which delivers a specific volume of air, PCV delivers a breath until a certain pressure is reached. The primary goal is to achieve […]
Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)
Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) is a mode of mechanical ventilation that assists patients with their spontaneous breaths by providing a preset level of pressure support during inspiration. Key Features: How It Works: Indications: Advantages: Potential Challenges: Important Considerations: Weaning Process with PSV: Summary: Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) is a valuable mode of mechanical ventilation, particularly […]
Lung Protective Ventilation
Lung protective ventilation is a crucial strategy in mechanical ventilation, particularly for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), aimed at minimising ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). This approach involves specific ventilatory settings to reduce the risk of barotrauma, volutrauma, and biotrauma. Here are the key components and principles of lung protective ventilation: Key Components Clinical […]
Basics of Invasive ventilation
Invasive ventilation therapies are medical procedures used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing in patients who are unable to breathe adequately on their own. These therapies are commonly used in critical care settings, such as intensive care units (ICUs), during surgery, or in emergency situations. Types of Invasive Ventilation Indications 2) Severe Pneumonia 3) Chronic […]
Oxygen Dissociation Curve
The oxygen dissociation curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂) and the percentage saturation of haemoglobin with oxygen (SO₂). This curve is crucial in understanding how readily haemoglobin acquires and releases oxygen molecules into the tissues. Right Shift (Decreased Affinity for Oxygen)-Facilitating O2 unloading Left Shift (Increased […]
Transport of Gases
Oxygen Transport and Unloading 1. From Lungs to Blood: 2. Transport in Blood: 3. From Blood to Tissues (Unloading of Oxygen): 4. Cellular Respiration: Carbon Dioxide Transport 1. From Tissues to Blood: 2. Transport in Blood: 3. From Blood to Lungs: 4. Exhalation: Summary
Internal and External Respiration
Internal and external respiration are two critical processes involved in the overall respiratory system, facilitating gas exchange in the body. Here’s a detailed explanation of each: External Respiration Definition:External respiration refers to the exchange of gases between the external environment and the lungs, specifically occurring in the alveoli of the lungs. This process involves the […]